Tension-bar for concrete construction.



G. S. MILES. TENSION BAR FOR CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 27, 1907.

Patented Nov. 24, 1908.

WITNESSEE:

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE S. MILES, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO OSCAR J. MAIGNE, OF NEWYORK, N. Y.

TENSION-BAR FOR CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 24, 1908.

Application filed may 27, 1907. Serial No. 376,001.

To (1Z1 whom "it may concern:

Be it known that I, Gnonen S. MILns, a resident of New York city, in thecounty of New York and State of New York, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Tension Bars for Concrete Construction; and i do herebydeclare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionthereof.

My invention relates to combined concrete and metal constructions, andhas special reference to what are known as tension bars in which thetrussed members are formed of metal and the remaining portion ofconcrete or cement.

The object of my invention is to construct and arrange the metallicmember within the body of cement that the plurality of minor orauxiliary members for forming the trusses with the main member arereadily attached and rigidly secured to said main member in a cheap,simple and efiicient manner, so that the stresses developed within theformer are directly carried into the latter.

My invention consists, generally stated, in the novel. arrangement,construction and combination of parts, as hereinafter more specificallyset forth and described and particularly pointed out in the claims.

To enable others skilled in the art to con struct and use my improvedcombined concrete and metal construction, I will describe the same morefully, referring to the accompanying drawing, in which- Figure 1 is aside elevation of a beam embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is acrosssection of two of the bars employed. Fig. 3 is a plan view of saidbars with the stirrups removed. Fig. 4 is a like view of the base orbridge bar. Figs. 5 and 6 are perspective views of two forms ofstirrups. Fig. 6 is a detail view of another form of the base-bar. Fig.7 is a perspective view of the connecting link. Fig; 8, is a sideelevation of a trussed girder employing my invention.

Like symbols of reference herein indicate like parts in each of thefigures of the drawis illustrated in Fig. 1 of the drawing 1 representsthe body of concrete or other cement in rectangular form or shape andadapted for use as a beam. 'Within such body 1 is the metallic mainmember 2 which is formed from bars oi metal to substantially T-shape andcomposed of the tension bar 3 and bridge or base bar 4: under the sameto form flanges 5 extending out from each side of the same beyond saidbar Tl.

' Connected to the main member 2 is the plurality of metallic minor orauxiliary members (i which can be formed of wire rods or bars so thatthey may be bent for attaching to and extending up from the main memberat an inclined position. These auxiliary members 5 are made to form forattachment to the main member 2 by bending through any suitable meansthe rods or bars into the loops 7, so that they will extend over thebody or tension bar 53 of the member 2, as shown in Fig. 2, and thenbending the ends of the same to form the hook portions 8 for engagingwith the flanges 5 on the base bar 4, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Thehook portions 8 on the members 6 are provided with the ogee or verticalcurved portions 9 thereon which connect with the body 10 for forming theloops 7 and with the straight horizontal portions 11 at right angles tosaid portions 9, while connected to said portions 11 are the portions12, which extend up vertically and at right angles to said portions 11and which terminate with the end portions 13 extending at rightanglestoward each other from said portions 12.

The base bar 4 of the main member 2 is provided with a series of sets ofslotted holes or openings 14 which extend into said bar from the sideedges thereof, and four of said openings form a set, with two on eachside edge to form a pair. Each pair of said openings 14 in a setpreferably extend in a more or less degree out of a right angle to theside edge of the bar 4 and dip toward each other as they point towardsthe center of the bar, so that. in attaching the auxiliary members 6 tosaid bar the attaching members or bent hooped portions 8 with the endsof the same bent up vertically from the portions 11 are inserted in eachof the sets of said openings, which will permit the vertical portions 9and 12 on said portions 8 to be seated in the pairs of said sets andwith the straight portion 11 running longitudinally arallel with and ina lower plane than the ar. After this is accomplished the ends of thevertical portions 12am bent down onto 105 and across the tension bar 3.placed upon the the purpose of paralleling, spacing and holdsaid bars,as hereinbet'ore described, while which will hold the said bar 3 andmembers (5 lower edge of the body 1 and is slightly embareto form theportions 13 extending along- 1 side of each other and over the said bar3,

in position, and if desired, the ends of the portions 13 can be bentdown along the sides of the bar 3 so as to Wrap over said bar and formthe hooks 13, as shown in Figs. 1 and 5, while it will also be evidentthat such portions 13 canextend under each other, as shown in Fig. 6. i

The loops 7 on the members 6 in forming the shear arms or stirrups arebent up to their proper inclined positions over and around the bar 3 ofthe main member 2 andsuch member is arranged adjacent to the beddedtherein, as shown in 1 in forming the beam. The auxiliary members 6incline upward oppositive upon opposite sides of the center of the beamso that the effect of this arrangement in the completed beam is that thetensile stresses developed in the auxiliary members 6 are communicatedto the main member 2 directly, while the compression stressesintermediate of said members 6 are resisted by the concrete through thebroken lines shown in Fig. 1.

It will be evident that one or a series of tension bars can be used inthe single beam and in Figs. 1 and 2 two are shown as running parallelwith each other, in which case the connecting link or bar 15 can be usedfor ing of said bars in line and at fixed inter vals, and thereby form aunitary structure. These links l5 extend across, between and under themembers 2 and through the stirrup loop formed by the hook portions 8 onthe members 6, which will. allow them to fit between the base bar a andthe portions 11 on said portions 8. Slots 16 are formed in one side edgeof the links 14 for fitting over or part way around the portions 9 ofthe stirrup loop formed by the hook portions 8 and the ends of the saidlinks are bent down to form the legs 16' to hold the tension bars at auniform level or distance above the bottom of the mold. These legs 16can be made of any length desired or they can be left off entirely andthe seats 16 in the links 15 can be made of any shape in order toconform to the shape of the material forming the stirrup loop, whichloop or the entire member 6 can be made of various shapes of metal asdesired, such as flat, square, and the round as shown.

In F 8 is shown my invention applied to a trussed girder, in which casethere is the bottom tension bar or member 2 and a top bar 17 and thesebars are connected by the diagonals or stirrups of the members 6, beingfastened in the dipped slots in each of single wires or rods are usedfor the trusses sodas? such as T-bar, Lb'ar, T-rail, or an ordinary flatbar like the base bar, in which case, the hook ends on the auxiliarymemberscan be bent over the same and be held thereon by various meanssuch as the bending up of the metal between the holes in a set, andsuchmetal can also be bent down toact as a leg to determine the height orlevel otthe bars above the bottom of the concrete.

t will also be evident that other forms and shapes of the auxiliarymembers can be used and that the attaching portion for the same can bechanged or varied, as well as the holes for the same on the main member,as the metal at said oblique holes can be clenched over the stirrups, ifdesired, as shown by the projecting portion at 18 in Fig. 6 while itwill be also evident that the base bar 4 can extend throughout thelength of the bar 2, as shown, or can be made in shorter lengths tocarry one or more of the members 6, secured in said holes, in which casethese bars 4 and members 6 can be made as a commercial article, with thevertical portions 12 on the hook portions 8 6XteI1Cl ing up from thesame, so that it can be packed and shipped for being used at the work bybending such portions12 over the bar 2 or any other form of bar, to formthe securing end portions 13, the bar at in\ this case acting as aconnecting bar, and various other changes in the positlon, design,shape, form and material of the various parts of both members may beresorted to Withdut departingifrom the spirit of the invention orsacrificing any of its advantages. It will thus be seen that in myimproved tension bar for concrete construction a good bond will be givento the concrete and it Will throw or import all shearing strainsdirectly on the tension bar and serves every purpose for which thecombined strains on. the, tension bar and stirrups or diagonal demand,

with each part doing its full service ;'when in place and acting as ifmade from one piece. The manner of attachment also ac-. complishes thepurposes of a firm tie or fastening and holds the tension bar firmly inplace and in effect makes a complete combination, as one, of the tensionbar and bridge or base.

It will also be seen that the common feature of all the variousmodifications above referred to for the construction of beams that amain metallic member is connected to a plurality of minor, supplementalor auxiliary metallic members, the latter mci'nbers being attached atone end to the main member and extending out obliquely therefrom intothe cementitious body, while. in all these arrangements shown for suchbeam the main members correspond to the chords of a truss and theauxiliary members to the web thereof, so that the intention of theinvention is to so space the metal within the concrete that each isstressed in the manner most advantageous to its special nature for whichit is intended.

it. will be obvious that the inclined auxiliary members may be ofvarying lengths and that the end ones of such members may be of thegreatest length, while the mid- -dle or intermediate lengths will. bethe shortest and of gradually decreasing lengths or. vice versa.

It will also be obvious that two main members can be used in a beam in aseparate and distinct manner from each other and held together in thesame manner through the concrete which grips the protecting web members,so that. when the metallic truss is thus completed the concrete willperform the same function as the web in a plate or latticed girder, andin this arrangement it is not even necessary that the main members liewithin the concrete at all, as the strain on them depends largely on thepull brought. into them by the inclined members.

it will further be obvious that the auxiliary members can lie in theopposite di rcction from that shown in Fig. 1 and that various other:t'orms and shapes oil the main members can be used in the making ofbeams, columns. slabs, arches, girders, etc.

hat I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The combination with a cen'icntitious or other body, of a metallicmember extending longitudinally thereof, and stirrupshaving portionsconnected to said longitudinal member, said portions being arrangedlongitudinally parallel with and in a lower plane than said member andcarried transversely over the said member.

2. The combination with a ccmcnlitious or other body. of a metallicmember extending longitudimilly thereof, and stirrupshaving attachingportions connected to said longitudinal member through slots in saidincinlztl'. said portions being arranged longitu dinally parallel withand in a lower plane than said member and the 'lrco ends of the saidattaching portions carried transversely ver the said member.

I). The combination with a ccn'ientilious or other body, of a metallicmember extending longitudinally thereof, a connecting on base bar undersaid member, and stirrups having attaching portions fastened to saidbar, said portions connected to said member by beingarrangedlongitudinally parallel with and in a lower plane than the base bar andthe tree endsof the said attaching portions carried transversely oversaid bar and said member.

at. The combination with a cementitious or other body, of a metallicmember extending longitudinally thereof, a connecting or base bar undersaid member, and stirrups having attaching portions carried along saidbar and connected to said bar through slots in the same, said stirrupshaving portions arranged longitudinally parallel with arid in a lowerplane than said member and the free ends of said attaching portionscarried transversely over said bar and said member.

5. The combination with a cementitious or other body, of metallicmembers extending longitudinally thereof having a series of slots ineach side, attaching portions connected to said longitudinal membersthrough said slots and having parts arranged parallel with and in alower plane than said longitudinalmembers and the free ends of saidattaching portions carried transversely over said members, and aconnecting bar extending across and between said longitudinal mcm rs andconnected thereto through said attrcl-ing portions.

6. Thc combination with a cementitious or other bod ol metallic membersextending longitiulinally th. reo'l'. slirrups having attaching portionsconnected to said longitudinal mcuibcrs and parallel with and in a lowerplane than said longitudinal members and the ends ol said attachingportions car- .ri d transversely over said members. and a connecting barextending across and betwcen said longitudinal members and connectedthereto through the portions of said st irrups.

7 The combination with a cementilious or other body, ol' metallicmembers extending longitudinally thercot'. slirrups having attachingportions connected to said longitudinal members and parallel with and ina lower plane than said longitudinal members and the free ends of saidattaching portions carried transversely over the said members. aconnecting bar cxtcmling across and between said longiludinal membersand connected thereto through said attaching portions, and means on thecnds'o'l said bar for determining the distance said longitudinal membersare held above the bottom ol the mold.

The combination with av comentitious or other body, ol a metallic memberexlcnd ing longitudii'ially thereof, stirrups having attaching portionsconnected to said member through slots in said member and said portionsbeing arranged longitudinally parallel with and in a lower plane thansaid member and the free ends of said attaching portions carriedtransversely over the said member, and means for holding said attachingportions in place Within said slots.

seam? In testimony whereof, I,- the said GEORG l MILES, nave hereuntoset my hand.

. GEORGE S. MILES.

Witnesses: V

NATHAN SCHAUMBURGER, MORTON sCI-IAUMBURGER.

